Recently, a research team from the Tenth People's Hospital of Shanghai published a paper in the authoritative journal "Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety," stating that the impact of electronic cigarettes on the lung health of young people is significantly lower than that of traditional cigarettes. Traditional cigarettes reduce lung capacity and can lead to various diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema, while electronic cigarettes cause minimal related damage.
The title of the paper is "Long-term Exposure to Electronic Cigarettes: A Direct Comparison with Combustible Cigarettes on Inducing Respiratory Function Decline and Lung Tissue Damage."
It is understood that this study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation, the National Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Program, and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. Animal experiments were conducted, where young mice were exposed to both traditional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes, and various risk indicators of their lungs were recorded (lower values indicate less damage). The results showed that every indicator in the electronic cigarette group was much lower than that of the traditional cigarette group, indicating that the harm of electronic cigarettes to the lungs is far less than that of traditional cigarettes.
Specifically, traditional cigarettes increase inspiratory resistance, leading to a decline in respiratory function; enlarge alveolar spaces, causing emphysema; increase airway wall thickness, resulting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease... Electronic cigarettes, on the other hand, do not cause significant pathological changes in the lungs. Mice that used electronic cigarettes mildly (for no more than 1 hour per day) had lung health conditions similar to ordinary mice.
Even in heavy electronic cigarette users, lung damage is still less severe compared to smokers. Data shows that even smoking just one traditional cigarette per day causes severe oxidative damage to the alveoli, while electronic cigarettes do not cause such harm.
In addition to the lesser harm of electronic cigarettes to the lungs, multiple studies in recent years have confirmed that smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes can improve their lung health. In April 2021, a paper published in the authoritative journal "The Lancet" indicated that smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes can effectively reduce their intake of lung carcinogens. In May 2022, a study conducted by Boston University in the United States demonstrated that smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes experience significant improvements in respiratory system health, but the risk of developing respiratory system diseases doubles when electronic cigarette users switch back to smoking.
"Electronic cigarettes are generally regarded as harm reduction products, but their impact on the lung health of young people has not been fully researched," the authors concluded in the paper. They summarized that the impact of mild electronic cigarette use on the lungs is negligible, and the harm of heavy electronic cigarette use is lower than that of traditional cigarettes, which all indicate that "traditional cigarettes cause more damage to lung capacity, lung tissue, and cellular levels than electronic cigarettes."
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